Characterization of the chemical fungicides-responsive and bacterial pathogen-preventing<i>Bacillus licheniformis</i>in rice spikelet

Abstract Seed-borne bacterial pathogens cause severe yield loss and biotoxin contamination in rice, leading to increasing concern on the global food supply environmental safety. Plant native microbes play an important role defending against diseases, but their actions are often influenced by chemical fungicides applied field. Here, Bacillus licheniformis mmj was isolated from rice spikelet, which uniquely showed not only fungicide-responsiveness also broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity major including Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Burkholderia plantarii glumae. To understand hallmark underlying adaptation of B. mmj, genome sequence determined SMRT subjected bioinformatics analysis. Genome analysis enabled identification a set antimicrobial-resistance antibacterial genes together with array harsh environment-adaptive genes. Moreover, metabolites were analyzed gas chromatography coupled triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, volatile components that linked preliminarily profiled. Collectively, present findings reveal genomic metabolic landscapes fungicide-responsive licheniformis, offers new opportunity design biopesticides cope prevalent phytopathogens.